Terminology of automobile bodies - a subject bottomless and very confused. Not to press in the jungle, we tried to concentrate on the most important. You for certain saw also new Mercedes Maybach G650 Landaulet, and magnificent Maybach 62S of Landaulet. Both of these cars differ an unusual body with top made of cloth over a back row. In Russian such body call both "landau", and "landol", and "landolet"... but how it is correct?
As it often happens at discussion of names of automobile bodies, it is worth beginning to us with discussion of horse crews. The terms Landau and Landaulet - the French origin, however the word went from the name of German of Landau (Landau) which was famous in due time for carriages and horse vehicles. In this city the vehicle which has received the name landau, through French come to us under the name "landau" also was invented. It differed the seats developed face to face and - that in our case is especially important - a folding roof which, rose from two parties and turned a carriage into the carriage. Such description can be met in Dahl's dictionaries, Ushakova, the historical dictionary of Gallicisms of Russian and many other sources.
of Langdolie (Landaulet) is the facilitated version of a vehicle of a landau. And this oblegchennost was that the folding roof was near only over back seats, and the forward row located closer to the driver, always remained open. It is worth noticing that in Russian the version of the name "landolet" took roots also. The matter is that as version of the term landaulet the term in a bit different form - landaulette got accustomed also. By rules of a practical transcription such word will be valid to be read as "landolet" though it is used much less often. Anyway, "landolety" after all accustomed to Russian, bringing additional confusion in and without that difficult history.
So, as you can see, at a stage of horse crews a difference between a landau and to the landola was quite to itself obvious and clear. Why then with cars there was a confusion, and the same body call that so, so? The answer to this question can be found in the illustrated dictionary of names of automobile bodies which was made by the automobile historian Lennart Haanen.
According to Haanen's dictionary, a landola is a type of a body with folding section of a roof over a back passenger row. Once at the beginning of the twentieth century cars in a body the landol were completely assimilated to the ancestors carriages of the same name: passengers of a back row had a folding roof, and here the driver was open for all winds - it had no roof at all. Quite so the first cars taxi, in some countries known as landole-fiacres (a fiacre during a "horse" era called just hired crew) looked. Separately there was also direct "grandfather" modern to a landola - a so-called landole-limousine. The driver was already hidden in it under a rigid not removed roof, and for passengers of a back row kept folding top. Here it, required to a landola!
it is good and how to be with the term "landau"? Here, as it appeared, the whole history. Word landau ("landau") prilyubili Americans. Initially, as Haanen writes, it was the American version of the term landaulet, however over time the word landau in relation to the American cars was of particular importance. Very often it meant graceful style of a styling: the roof of the car was rigid, fixed, however was sheathed by fabric or vinyl, imitating folding soft top, and on back racks the graceful chromeplated levels flaunted. They bore purely decorative function, doing shape of the car more graceful and expensive, however once these were working elements of the design putting top made of cloth on vehicles landaus and early cars.
This trend again became fashionable the American automotive industry after the sixtieth and lived almost up to the ninetieth: in a course there were such "pseudo-cabriolets" and "pseudo-landole" at which either all roof, or its back part were fitted by vinyl. By the way, you unambiguously saw elements of similar style and today: they are quite often used on catafalques, and there, understand, a roof especially will not put.
Certainly, in infinite variety of bodies cases when cars landaus had folding top met also, but in general regularity was created the following: to landola is a car with folding section of a roof over a back row, and the landau concerning cars is a decorative counter, a styling "a la the landol". So after all it is better to differentiate these concepts.
is CORRECT : Langdolie (if you about the last Maybach)
it is WRONG : Landau. Though that means "incorrectly"... It is necessary to look, about what the speech. Generally, the main thing that not "landolet" - these cars precisely are not able to fly.
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